Microbiological Evaluation of Foods for Special Medical Purposes of Children
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v11i8.1360-1364.6079Keywords:
Child, food, medical, microbiological examination, nutritionAbstract
Foods for special medical purposes are specially produced or formulated with the intention of regulating children's diets for specific nutrition applications, and used under medical surveillance. These food should not offer a microbiological risk to human health as well as their compositions. The purpose of this study was the microbiological evaluation of foods for special medical purposes used in children’s diet. For this evaluation, eleven imported foods for special medical purposes that were sold in Ankara-Turkey were analyzed in terms of Salmonella spp., coagulase positive staphylococci, staphylococcal enterotoxin, Escherichia coli, Escherichia coli O157, Enterobacteriaceae, Listeria monocytogenes, and Bacillus cereus. The bacterial examinations were done according to each related EN ISO standart methods. In result of the examination, the microbial growth was not observed on the food samples. In conclusion, the samples investigated have no microbiological risk. Also, consumers should examine their expiration dates during purchase because the expiration dates declared on the foods have showed their microbiological stability.
References
Aijuka M, Santiago AE, Girón JA, Nataro JP, Buys EM. 2018. Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli is the predominant diarrheagenic E. coli pathotype among irrigation water and food sources in South African. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 278:44-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro. 2018.04.018.
Al-Mamun M, Chowdhury T, Biswas B, Absar N. 2018. Food poisoning and intoxication: a global leading concern for human health. Grumezescu AM, Holban AM, eds. Food Safety and Preservation. Modern Biological Approaches to Improving Consumer Health. UK: Academic Press. Chapter 11. 2018; 307-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-814956-0.00011-1.
Bentancor AB, Ameal LA, Calviño MF, Martinez MC, Miccio L, Degregorio OJ. 2012. Risk factors for Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infections in preadolescent schoolchildren in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The Journal of Infection Developing Countries, 6(5):378-386. https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.1894.
Berthold-Pluta A, Pluta A, Garbowska M, Stefańska I. 2019. Prevalence and toxicity characterization of Bacillus cereus in food products from Poland. Foods, 8(7): pii: E269. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8070269.
Bruyand M, Mariani-Kurkdjian P, Le Hello S, King LA, Van Cauteren D, Lefevre S, et al. 2019. Paediatric haemolytic uraemic syndrome related to Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, an overview of 10 years of surveillance in France, 2007 to 2016, Euro Surveillance, 24(8). https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.8.1800068.
Cai S, Worobo RW, Snyder AB. 2019. Combined effect of storage condition, surface integrity, and length of shelf life on the growth of Listeria monocytogenes and spoilage microbiota on refrigerated ready-to-eat products. Journal of Food Protection, 82(8): 1423-1432. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-18-576.
Dlugaszewska J, Ratajczak M, Kamińska D, Gajecka M. 2019. Are dietary supplements containing plant-derived ingredients safe microbiologically? Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 27(2): 240-245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2018.11.005.
EN ISO 6579-1. Microbiology of the food chain - Horizontal method for the detection, enumeration and serotyping of Salmonella - Part 1: Detection of Salmonella spp. Turkish Standards Institution, Ankara. 2017.
EN ISO 6887-1. Microbiology of the food chain - Preparation of test samples, initial suspension and decimal dilutions for microbiological examination - Part 1: General rules for the preparation of the initial suspension and decimal dilutions. Turkish Standards Institution, Ankara. 2017.
EN ISO 6888-1. Microbiyology of food and animal feeding stuffs-Horizontal method for the enumeration of coagulase Positive staphylococci (Staphylococcus aureus and other species) Part 1: Technique using Baird-Parker agar medium. Turkish Standards Institution, Ankara. 1999.
EN ISO 6888-1:1999/A1. Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Horizontal method for the enumeration of coagulase-positive staphylococci (Staphylococcus aureus and other species) - Part 1: Technique using Baird-Parker agar medium; Amendment 1: Inclusion of precision data. Turkish Standards Institution, Ankara. 2003.
EN ISO 7932. Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Horizontal method for the enumeration of presumptive Bacillus cereus - Colony-count technique at 30 degrees C. Turkish Standards Institution, Ankara. 2004.
EN ISO 11290-1. Microbiology of the food chain - Horizontal method for the detection and enumeration of Listeria monocytogenes and of Listeria spp. - Part 1: Detection method. Turkish Standards Institution, Ankara. 2017.
EN ISO 16654:2001/A1. Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Horizontal method for the detection of Escherichia coli O157. Turkish Standards Institution, Ankara. 2017.
EN ISO 21528-2. Microbiology of the food chain - Horizontal method for the detection and enumeration of Enterobacteriaceae - Part 2: Colony-count technique. Turkish Standards Institution, Ankara. 2017.
Faour-Klingbeil D, Todd ECD. Prevention and control of foodborne diseases in middle-east north African countries: review of national control systems. 2020. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(1): 70. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/ijerph17010070.
ISO 16649-2. Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs - Horizontal method for the enumeration of beta-glucuronidase-positive Escherichia coli - Part 2: Colony-count technique at 44 degrees C using 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-D-glucuronide. Turkish Standards Institution, Ankara. 2001.
ISO 16654. Microbiology of food and animal feeding stuffs-Horizontal method for the detection of Escherichia coli O157. Turkish Standards Institution, Ankara. 2001.
Jampilek J, Kos J, Kralova K. Potential of nanomaterial applications in dietary supplements and foods for special medical purposes. 2019. Nanomaterials (Basel), 19: 9(2): 296. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano9020296.
Jones G, Pardos de la Gandara M, Herrera-Leon L, Herrera-Leon S, Varela Martinez C, Hureaux-Roy R, et al. 2019. Outbreak of Salmonella enterica serotype Poona in infants linked to persistent Salmonella contamination in an infant formula manufacturing facility, France, August 2018 to February. Euro Surveillance, 24(13). https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.13.1900161.
Knee J, Sumner T, Adriano Z, Berendes D, de Bruijn E, Schmidt WP, et al. 2018. Risk factors for childhood enteric infection in urban Maputo, Mozambique: A cross-sectional study, PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 12(11): e0006956. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0006956.
Lai YH, Chung YA, Wu YC, Fang CT, Che PJ. 2020. Disease burden from foodborne illnesses in Taiwan, 2012-2015. Journal of the Formosan Medical Association, S0929-6646(20)30105-4 https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jfma.2020.03.013.
Marus JR, Magee MJ, Manikonda K, Nichols MC. 2019. Outbreaks of Salmonella enterica infections linked to animal contact: Demographic and outbreak characteristics and comparison to foodborne outbreaks-United States, 2009-2014. Zoonoses Public Health, 66(4): 370-6. https://doi.org/10.1111/zph.12569.
Al-Mamun M, Chowdhury T, Biswas B, Absar N. 2018. Food poisoning and intoxication: a global leading concern for human health. Grumezescu AM, Holban AM, eds. Food Safety and Preservation. Modern Biological Approaches to Improving Consumer Health. UK: Academic Press. Chapter 11. 2018; 307-352. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-814956-0.00011-1.
Munblit D, Crawley H, Hyde R, Boyle RJ. 2020. Health and nutrition claims for infant formula are poorly substantiated and potentially harmful. British Medical Journal, 369: m875. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m875.
Polański P, Sadkowska-Todys M. 2018. Foodborne infections and intoxications in Poland in 2016. Przeglad Epidemiologiczny, 72(4): 407-418.https://doi.org/10.32394/pe.72.4.16.
Ratajczak M, Kubicka MM, Kamińska D, Długaszewska J. 2015. Microbiological quality of food supplements. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica, 72(2):383-387. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jsps.2014.11.015.
Toscano M, de Vecchi E, Rodighiero V, Drago L. 2013. Microbiological and genetic identification of some probiotics proposed for medical use in 2011. Journal of Chemotherapy, 25(3):156-161. https://doi.org/10.1179/1973947812Y.0000000068.
Turkish Food Codex Regulation on Microbiological Criteria. Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock, Ankara. 2011.
Zhuang K, Li H, Zhang Z, Wu S, Zhang Y, Fox EM, Man C, Jiang Y. Typing and evaluating heat resistance of Bacillus cereus sensu stricto isolated from the processing environment of powdered infant formula. 2019. Journal Dairy Science, pii: 102(9): 7781-7793. https://doi.org/10.1111/lam.12570. 10.3168/jds.2019-16392.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
