Illuminating Herbicide Resistance Through CRISPR-Based Functional Genomic Approaches: A Türkiye Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v14i4.1216-1227.8629Keywords:
CRISPR/Cas systems, Functional genomics, Herbicide resistance, Integrated weed management, Non-target-site resistance, Turkish agricultural systems, Weed biologyAbstract
Recent advances in CRISPR (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats and genome editing technologies have enabled not only the identification but also the causal validation of resistance mechanisms. Precise modeling of single-nucleotide mutations, functional dissection of metabolic gene networks, and assessment of resistance–fitness relationships through isogenic lines provide a level of experimental confirmation that extends beyond classical molecular approaches. Moreover, these tools offer opportunities for predicting potential resistance variants and integrating risk-based modeling strategies. This review evaluates the current and potential roles of CRISPR-based functional genomic approaches in herbicide resistance research within the context of global literature and resistance cases reported in Türkiye. Documented resistance in cropping systems such as cereals, orchards, and rice, particularly in species including Avena sterilis L., Avena sterilis subsp. ludoviciana (Durieu) Gillet and Magne, Conyza sumatrensis (Retz.) E.Walker, Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson, and Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P.B. demonstrates the simultaneous accumulation of selection pressure across diverse agroecosystems. However, existing studies in Türkiye largely rely on phenotypic confirmation, while systematic molecular and functional analyses remain limited. CRISPR-based approaches provide a robust research framework for experimental validation of resistance mechanisms, genomic monitoring, and the development of predictive management strategies in Türkiye. Their sustainable contribution, however, depends on integration with integrated weed management practices and existing regulatory frameworks.
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