Phytochemical Analysis of Selected Medicinal Plants Belonging to Family Fabaceae
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v13is3.3785-3794.8004Keywords:
Fabaceae, phytochemicals, Medicinal Plants, Total Phenolic Content, Total Flavonoid Content, Total Antioxidant CapacityAbstract
Fabaceae plants are widely valued for their pharmacological and curative properties. For this reason, current investigation was carried out to quantify the phytochemical properties of eight species from the Bangladesh Agricultural University Botanical Garden, such as: Mimosa pudica L., Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf., Senna tora (L.) Roxb., Senna occidentalis (L.) Link, Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth., Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre, Cynometra ramiflora L. and Abrus precatorius L. Standard procedures were used to quantify the primary leaf pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The results showed that A. lebbeck had the maximum TFC (27 mg QUE g-1 DW), while S. tora had the superior amount of TPC (15.99 mg GAE g-1 DW) and TAC (8.25 mg AAE g-1 FW). The highest concentrations of chlorophyll a and total chlorophyll (a+b) were found in M. pudica, with 1.58 mg g-1 FW and 2.62 mg g-1 FW, respectively. Chlorophyll b (1.81 mg g-1 FW) and carotenoids (4.52 mg g-1 FW) were highest in D. regia leaves. Two groups of phytochemicals and three clusters of species were identified by heatmap. The highest phytochemical contents were found in cluser-1, which included S. tora and M. pudica, while the lowest phytochemical contents were noticed in cluser-3, which consisted of C. ramiflora, and the rest of the species were observed in cluster-2. Significant variations in phytochemicals with different types of correlation were observed among the eight Fabaceae species studied. TAC and other leaf pigments did not significantly correlate, but there were distinct positive associations between TPC and TAC, total chlorophyll, and total carotenoids, among other phytochemicals. Finally, S. tora and M. pudica emerged as the most promising, showing superior phytochemical richness and therapeutic potentials compared to the others.
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